Hoer_mit Open Courseware last modified by Gillian Stevens (t0022212) on 09 June 2010 3:47:55 PM

Courses of Interest:

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/courses/courses/index.htm#top)

Biological Engineering

Macroepidemiology

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biological-Engineering/20-102Spring-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course presents a challenging multi-dimensional perspective on the causes of human disease and mortality. The course focuses on analyses of major causes of mortality in the US since 1900: cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, and infectious diseases.

Chemicals in the Environment: Toxicology and Public Health

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biological-Engineering/20-104JSpring-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course addresses the challenges of defining a relationship between exposure to environmental chemicals and human disease. Course topics include epidemiological approaches to understanding disease causation; biostatistical methods; evaluation of human exposure to chemicals, and their internal distribution, metabolism, reactions with cellular components, and biological effects; and qualitative and quantitative health risk assessment methods used in the U.S. as bases for regulatory decision-making.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biological-Engineering/20-104JSpring-2005/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Introductory LectureWatch film A Civil ActionFrom the Real World to Hollywood and Back AgainEpidemiology: Persons, Places, and TimeEpidemiology: Test Development and Relative RiskBiostatistics: Concepts in Variance
Biostatistics: Distribution and the MeanConfidence IntervalsBiostatistics: Detecting Differences and CorrelationsBiostatistics: Poisson Analyses and PowerEnvironetics: Cause and EffectEnvironetics: Study Design - Retrospective versus Prospective
Environetics: Putting it all together - Evaluating StudiesEvaluating Environmental Causes of MesotheliomaQuantitative Risk Assessment 1Quantitative Risk Assessment 2Toxicology 1Toxicology 2
Toxicology 3Toxicology 4Toxicology 5Quantitative Risk Assessment 3Quantitative Risk Assessment 4 

Systems Microbiology

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biological-Engineering/20-106JFall-2006/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course covers introductory microbiology from a systems perspective, considering microbial diversity, population dynamics, and genomics. Emphasis is placed on the delicate balance between microbes and humans, and the changes that result in the emergence of infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance. The case study approach covers such topics as vaccines, toxins, biodefense, and infections including Legionnaire’s disease, tuberculosis, Helicobacter pylori, and plague.

Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biological-Engineering/20-106JFall-2006/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Early Earth/Microbial EvolutionCell Structure/FunctionBiological Energy ConservationMicrobial GrowthMetabolic RegulationVirology
Information Flow in Biological SystemsRegulation of Cell ActivityGenetic Exchange in BacteriaExperimental Evolution: Optimization of Metabolic SystemsGenomics IGenomics II
Metabolic Diversity IMetabolic Diversity IIMicrobial EcologyMicrobial Growth ControlMicrobe-host InteractionsImmunology I
Immunology IIDiagnostic MicrobiologyPerson-to-person TransmissionEpidemiologyAnimal- and Arthropod-transmitted DiseasesReview

Mechanisms of Drug Actions

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biological-Engineering/20-201Fall-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course covers the chemical and biological analysis of the metabolism and distribution of drugs, toxins and chemicals in animals and humans, and the mechanism by which they cause therapeutic and toxic responses. Metabolism and toxicity as a basis for drug development is also covered.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biological-Engineering/20-201Fall-2005/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Introduction and PrinciplesChemistry/Biochemistry ReviewOverview of Drug DevelopmentUptake/Transport/Distribution of DrugsDrug TransportersBioethics Seminar
Drug Transporters (cont.)Introduction to Drug MetabolismLiver LectureDrug Metabolism 2Drug Metabolism 3Drug Metabolism 4 
Oxygen Radicals in Drug ToxicityDrug ToxicitiesDrug Toxicities (cont.)Bioethics SeminarPharmacokineticsPharmacokinetics (cont.)
Receptors and Case Study - OmeprazoleCase Study - OmeprazoleCase Study - Omeprazole (cont.)Case Study - AcetaminophenCase Study - Acetaminophen (cont.)Case Study - Statins
Case Study - Statins (cont.)Drug Industry SeminarCase Study - Statins (cont.)   

Molecular and Cellular Pathophysiology

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biological-Engineering/20-450Spring-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course focuses on the fundamentals of tissue and organ response to injury from a molecular and cellular perspective. There is a special emphasis on disease states that bridge infection, inflammation, immunity, and cancer. The systems approach to pathophysiology includes lectures, critical evaluation of recent scientific papers, and student projects and presentations.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biological-Engineering/20-450Spring-2005/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Introduction to 20.450 and HCCCellular PathologyInflammationLiver Anatomy and HistologyImmunityNeoplasia
Neoplasia (cont.)Infectious DiseasesLiver and BiliaryHepatocarcinogenesisAnimal ModelsSpecial Topic

Design of Medical Devices and Implants

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Mechanical-Engineering/2-782JSpring-2006/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This design course targets the solution of clinical problems by use of implants and other medical devices. Topics include the systematic use of cell-matrix control volumes; the role of stress analysis in the design process; anatomic fit, shape and size of implants; selection of biomaterials; instrumentation for surgical implantation procedures; preclinical testing for safety and efficacy, including risk/benefit ratio assessment evaluation of clinical performance and design of clinical trials.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Mechanical-Engineering/2-782JSpring-2006/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Clinical Problems Requiring Implants for SolutionPrinciples of Implant Design / Design Parameters: Permanent versus Absorbable DevicesThe Missing Organ and its ReplacementCriteria for Materials SelectionTissue Engineering I: ScaffoldsTissue Engineering II: Cells and Regulators
Case Study of Organ RegenerationDesign Specifications: Biomaterials SurveyBiocompatibility: Local and Systemic EffectsDesign Specifications: Tissue Bonding and Modulus MatchingDegradation of Devices: Natural and Synthetic PolymersBiocompatibility: Scar Formation and Contraction
Degradation of Devices: Corrosion and WearFederal Regulation of Devices IOral Presentations of Proposals for Design IIFederal Regulation of Devices IIScaffolds for Cartilage RepairImplants for Bone
Implants for Plastic SurgeryCardiovascular Prostheses: Heart Valves and Blood VesselsDevices for Nerve RegenerationMusculoskeletal Soft Tissues: Meniscus, Intervertebral DiskDental and Otologic ImplantsOther Devices: Spinal Cord, Heart Lung
Final Oral Presentation of Designs (Mock FDA Panel)     

Molecular Principles of Biomaterials

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biological-Engineering/20-462JSpring-2006/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course covers the analysis and design at a molecular scale of materials used in contact with biological systems, including biotechnology and biomedical engineering. Topics include molecular interactions between bio- and synthetic molecules and surfaces; design, synthesis, and processing approaches for materials that control cell functions; and application of state-of-the-art materials science to problems in tissue engineering, drug delivery, vaccines, and cell-guiding surfaces.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biological-Engineering/20-462JSpring-2006/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Biodegradable Polymeric SolidsBiodegradable Polymeric SolidsControlled Release DevicesControlled Release Devices (cont.)Case Studies in Complex Controlled ReleaseHydrogels as Biomaterials
Hydrogels as Biomaterials (cont.)Hydrogels as Biomaterials (cont.)Hydrogels as Biomaterials (cont.)Hydrogels as Biomaterials (cont.)Engineering Biological Recognition of BiomaterialsEngineering Biological Recognition of Biomaterials (cont.)
Engineering Biological Recognition of Biomaterials (cont.)Bioceramics and BiocompositesBioceramics and Biocomposites (cont.)Bioceramics and Biocomposites (cont.)Molecular DevicesNanoparticle and Microparticle Biomolecule Drug Carriers
Nanoparticle and Microparticle Biomolecule Drug Carriers (cont.)Basic Biology of Vaccination and Viral InfectionsBasic Biology of Vaccination and Viral Infections (cont.)Drug Targeting and Intracellular Drug Delivery for VaccinesDrug Targeting and Intracellular Drug Delivery for Vaccines (cont.)DNA Vaccines
DNA Vaccines (cont.)     

Biology

Genetics

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-03Fall-2004/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course discusses the principles of genetics with application to the study of biological function at the level of molecules, cells, and multicellular organisms, including humans. The topics include: structure and function of genes, chromosomes and genomes, biological variation resulting from recombination, mutation, and selection, population genetics, use of genetic methods to analyze protein function, gene regulation and inherited disease.

Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-03Fall-2004/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Physical Structure of the GeneThe Complementation Test and Gene FunctionMendelian GeneticsProbability and PedigreesChromosomes and Sex LinkageRecombination and Genetic Maps
Three-factor CrossesTetrad AnalysisPhage GeneticsGene Structure and DNA AnalysisMutations and SuppressorsBacterial Genetics: Transposition
Bacterial Genetics: TransductionComplementation in Bacteria: PlasmidsComplementation in Bacteria: Recombinant DNAProkaryotic Regulation: Negative ControlProkaryotic Regulation: Positive ControlProkaryotic Regulation: Regulatory Circuits
Eukaryotic Genes and Genomes IEukaryotic Genes and Genomes IIEukaryotic Genes and Genomes IIIEukaryotic Genes and Genomes IVTransgenes and Gene Targeting in Mice ITransgenes and Gene Targeting in Mice II
Population Genetics: Hardy-WeinbergPopulation Genetics: Mutation and SelectionPopulation Genetics: InbreedingHuman PolymorphismsStatistical Evaluation of Linkage IStatistical Evaluation of Linkage II
Complex TraitsChromosome Anomalies IChromosome Anomalies IIGenetics of Cancer IGenetics of Cancer II  

Topics in Experimental Biology

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-18Fall-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This independent experimental study course is designed to allow students with a strong interest in independent research to fulfill the project laboratory requirement for the Biology Department Program in the context of a research laboratory at MIT. The research should be a continuation of a previous project under the direction of a member of the Biology Department faculty.

This course provides instruction and practice in written and oral communication. Journal club discussions are used to help students evaluate and write scientific papers.

Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-18Fall-2005/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Impromptu Description of Research Project, Logic of a ParagraphLogic of a Research Paper, Organization of a Research Proposal, How to Present Data in a Lab TalkData and Figures, Results and Preliminary ResultsProject Outline and Journal ClubIntroduction, Background and SignificanceExperimental Plan
Discussion of Paragraphs, Ethical Conduct of Science, Citations and PlagiarismMethods and MaterialsScientific and Non-scientific AbstractDiscussion (cont.) and Polishing your Writing  

Cellular Neurobiology

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-09JSpring-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course serves as an introduction to the structure and function of the nervous system. Emphasis is placed on the cellular properties of neurons and other excitable cells. Topics covered include the structure and biophysical properties of excitable cells, synaptic transmission, neurochemistry, neurodevelopment, and the integration of information in simple systems and the visual system.

Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-09JSpring-2005/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Introduction to the Nervous SystemMembrane Channels and SignalingIonic basis of the Resting PotentialAction Potential IAction Potential IINeurons as Conductors: Propagation of the Action Potential
Electrical and Chemical Synaptic TransmissionMechanisms of Transmitter Release at SynapsesIndirect Mechanisms of Synaptic TransmissionBiochemistry of Synaptic TransmissionLearning and Memory ILearning and Memory II
From Genes to Structure to BehaviorNervous System Development INervous System Development IIAxon Guidance ISynapse FormationFine-Tuning Synaptic Connections
Vision IVision IIHearingOlfaction and Other Sensory SystemsPain and ThermoreceptionHigher Order Cognitive Function

Ubiquitination: The Proteasome and Human Disease

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-340Fall-2004/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This seminar provides a deeper understanding of the post-translational mechanisms evolved by eukaryotic cells to target proteins for degradation. Students learn how proteins are recognized and degraded by specific machinery (the proteasome) through their previous tagging with another small protein, ubiquitin. Additional topics include principles of ubiquitin-proteasome function, its control of the most important cellular pathways, and the implication of this system in different human diseases. Finally, speculation on the novel techniques that arose from an increased knowledge of the ubiquitin-proteosome system and current applications in the design of new pharmacological agents to battle disease is also covered.

Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-340Fall-2004/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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IntroductionDiscovery of the Ubiquitin Conjugation SystemProtein Degradation in Trafficking Membranes I: Endoplasmic Reticulum Associated Degradation (ERAD) PathwayProtein Degradation in Trafficking Membranes II: Endocytosis and lysosomal DegradationRole of Ubiquitination in Transcriptional RegulationRole of Ubiquitination in Cell Cycle Control and Programmed Cell Death
Ubiquitin-like ProteinsFunctions of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in the Immune SystemUbiquitin and CancerUbiquitin and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Alzheimer's and Parkinson's DiseasesMore Diseases Involving Ubiquitin: Huntington's and Von Hippel-Lindau DiseaseToo Much Degradation Can Be as Bad as Not Enough: Cystic Fibrosis and Liddle's Syndrome
Potential Therapeutic Strategies in Ubiquitin-Related Diseases     

Under the Radar Screen: How Bugs Trick Our Immune Defenses

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-340Spring-2007/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: In this course, we will explore the specific ways by which microbes defeat our immune system and the molecular mechanisms that are under attack (phagocytosis, the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway, MHC I/II antigen presentation). Through our discussion and dissection of the primary research literature, we will explore aspects of host-pathogen interactions. We will particularly emphasize the experimental techniques used in the field and how to read and understand research data. Technological advances in the fight against microbes will also be discussed, with specific examples.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-340Spring-2007/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
PhagocytosisToll-like receptors (TLRs)The proteasome and ubiquitinMajor histocompatibility (MHC) class I antigen presentationMajor histocompatiblity (MHC) class II antigen presentationCytokines
Programmed cell deathMolecular mimicryAntimicrobial peptides: Innate immunity effectors   

The Radical Consequences of Respiration: Reactive Oxygen Species in Aging and Disease

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-343Fall-2007/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course will start with a survey of basic oxygen radical biochemistry followed by a discussion of the mechanisms of action of cellular as well as dietary antioxidants. After considering the normal physiological roles of oxidants, we will examine the effects of elevated ROS and a failure of cellular redox capacity on the rate of organismal and cellular aging as well as on the onset and progression of several major diseases that are often age-related. Topics will include ROS-induced effects on stem cell regeneration, insulin resistance, heart disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. The role of antioxidants in potential therapeutic strategies for modulating ROS levels will also be discussed.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-343Fall-2007/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Introduction and backgroundThe high price of energy: Mitrochondrial production of ROSRadical messengers: ROS as facilitators of cellular signalingHired assassins: ROS in anti-pathogen defenseAntioxidants: fighting the good fightThe free radical theory: ROS and aging
The root of the problem: oxidative damage in stem cell renewalBalancing act: ROS effects on insulin resistance and diabetesBreaking hearts: ROS in ischemic reperfusion injuryBrain drain: oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseasesFoot-soldiers of renegade cells: ROS in cancer and oncogenic transformationFighting fire with fire: more ROS or less ROS as therapeutic strategies?

Protein Folding Problem

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-88JFall-2007/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course focuses on the mechanisms by which the amino acid sequence of polypeptide chains (proteins), determine their three-dimensional conformation. Topics in this course include sequence determinants of secondary structure, the folding of newly synthesized polypeptide chains within cells, folding intermediates aggregation and competing off-pathway reactions, and the unfolding and refolding of proteins in vitro. Additional topics covered are the role of helper proteins such as chaperonins and isomerases, protein recovery problems in the biotechnology industry, and diseases found associated with protein folding defects.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Biology/7-88JFall-2007/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Introduction to the problemSide-chain review + Sulfur redox chemistryThe Anfinsen experimentsGlobular protein structure + Protein interiorsUsing the Protein database (PDB)Helix-helix packing in globular proteins
Beta-sheets + Beta-sheet packingExperimental techniques: circular dichroismThermal denaturation + Coiled coils + Refolding of tropomyosinFluorescence spectroscopyS-peptide helical foldingDetecting partially folded intermediates
Prolyl isomerizationCytochrome c refolding pathway2-D NMR techniquesCollagen structure and folding in vivoProcollagen folding in vitroProtein calorimetry: BPTI
Protein misfolding and aggregationRibosome channel + Nascent chains + Trigger factorScaffolding proteins in viral shell assemblyAmyloid fiber formation in neuro degenerative diseaseChaperonin assisted folding
Eukariotic chaperoninsPaper topic discussion and choicesMembrane protein (rhodopsin) folding and assemblyPrion diseasesEtiology of some human protein deposition diseases 

Brain and Cognitive Sciences

Neuroscience and Behavior

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-01Fall-2003/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course covers the relation of structure and function at various levels of neuronal integration. Topics include functional neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, sensory and motor systems, centrally programmed behavior, sensory systems, sleep and dreaming, motivation and reward, emotional displays of various types, "higher functions" and the neocortex, and neural processes in learning and memory.

Audio Lectures: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-01Fall-2003/AudioLectures/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Introduction to Brain-behavior StudiesHistory and Goals, IIHistory and Goals, IIIHistory and Goals, IVCellular MechanismsNeuronal Conduction and Transmission
Synapses + Neuroanatomical TechniquesIntroduction to CNS and its EvolutionEvolution (cont.) + Reflex and Cerebellar ChannelsBrain Subdivisions + Channels of ConductionTransection Effects + NeocortexSpinal Cord + Autonomic NS
Hindbrain and MidbrainMidbrain and ForebrainDevelopment of CNS, IntroductionCell migration + Axon Growth StagesInfluences on Axon GrowthAxonal Sprouting and Regeneration
Motor System, 1Motor System, 2Motor System, 3Motor 4: Rythmic OutputsRhythms of Activity + Sleep and WakingSleep and Waking (cont.)
Habituation, Novelty ResponsesVisual System 1: Anatomy, AblationsVisual System 2: Physiology (orig: Ablation Effects)Visual System 3: Ablation StudiesVisual System 4: Ablations (cont.) (Orig: Electrophysiology)Visual System Conclusion
Auditory SystemPain and Central Gray AreaHypothalamus and FeedingDrive, Reward + Agonistic BehaviorHigher Functions + Human NatureHuman Nature and Neuroscience

Neural Basis of Learning and Memory

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-03Fall-2007/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course highlights the interplay between cellular and molecular storage mechanisms and the cognitive neuroscience of memory, with an emphasis on human and animal models of hippocampal mechanisms and function.

Selected Lectures Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-03Fall-2007/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Lecture 1: Brief History of Work in the Area of Learning and MemoryLecture 2: Introduction; Cells and SynapsesLecture 3: Neuroimaging TechniquesLecture 4: Skill MemoryLecture 6: Sensory, Short-Term, and Working MemoryLecture 21: Observational Learning; Mirror Neurons
Lecture 23: Emotional Learning and Memory     

Neural Basis of Vision and Audition

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-04Fall-2006/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course examines the neural bases of visual and auditory processing for perception and sensorimotor control, focusing on physiological and anatomical studies of the mammalian nervous system as well as behavioral studies of animals and humans. Visual pattern, color and depth perception, auditory responses and speech coding, and spatial localization are studied.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-04Fall-2006/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
The layout of the visual system, the retina, and the lateral geniculate nucleusThe visual cortexThe ON and OFF channelsThe midget and parasol channelsAdaptation and colorDepth perception
Form perceptionIllusions and visual prostheticsThe neural control of visually guided eye movements, subcortical controlThe neural control of visually guided eye movements, cortical controlMotion perception and pursuit eye movementsHair cells: Transduction, electrophysiology and "Cochlear Amplifier"
Auditory nerve; psychophysics of frequency resolutionHearing loss and cochlear implantsCochlear nucleus: Tonotopy, unit types and cell typesBrainstem reflexes: OC efferents and middle ear musclesSound localization I: Psychophysics and neural circuitsSound localization II: Superior olivary complex and inferior colliculus
Auditory cortex I: General physiology and role in sound localizationAuditory cortex II: Language; Bats and echolocationEaton-Peabody lab tour at Massachusetts Eye and Ear InfirmaryComparison of vision and audition, vision review  

Brain Mechanisms for Hearing and Speech

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Health-Sciences-and-Technology/HST-722JFall-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: An advanced course covering anatomical, physiological, behavioral, and computational studies of the central nervous system relevant to speech and hearing. Students learn primarily by discussions of scientific papers on topics of current interest. Recent topics include cell types and neural circuits in the auditory brainstem, organization and processing in the auditory cortex, auditory reflexes and descending systems, functional imaging of the human auditory system, quantitative methods for relating neural responses to behavior, speech motor control, cortical representation of language, and auditory learning in songbirds.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Health-Sciences-and-Technology/HST-722JFall-2005/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Dorsal Cochlear NucleusDescending SystemsCell Types and CircuitsQuantitative MethodsThalamus and CortexNeuroimaging
Speech Motor ControlMotor ControlCortical Language Processing   

Statistical Methods in Brain and Cognitive Science

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-07Spring-2004/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course emphasizes statistics as a powerful tool for studying complex issues in behavioral and biological sciences, and explores the limitations of statistics as a method of inquiry. The course covers descriptive statistics, probability and random variables, inferential statistics, and basic issues in experimental design. Techniques introduced include confidence intervals, t-tests, F-tests, regression, and analysis of variance. Assignments include a project in data analysis.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-07Spring-2004/LectureNotes/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Introduction to StatisticsDescribing Data + Graphs, Central Tendency, and SpreadProbability, IProbability, I (cont.) + Probability, IIRandom VariablesSampling Theory
Confidence IntervalsSingle-sample Hypothesis Testing, ISingle-sample Hypothesis Testing, IITwo-sample Hypothesis Testing, ITwo Sample t-TestTwo-sample Hypothesis Testing, II
Experimental Design, IExperimental Design, IIExperimental Design, II (cont.) + Regression and Correlation, IRegression and Correlation, IIRegression and Correlation, IIIChi-square Tests
One-way ANOVA, IOne-way ANOVA, IITwo-way ANOVA, ITwo-way ANOVA, II  

Human Memory and Learning

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-081Human-Memory-and-LearningFall2002/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: Surveys the literature on the cognitive and neural organization of human memory and learning. Includes consideration of working memory and executive control, episodic and semantic memory, and implicit forms of memory. Emphasizes integration of cognitive theory with recent insights from functional neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI and PET).

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-081Human-Memory-and-LearningFall2002/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Lecture 1: What is Memory?Lecture 3: Neuroimaging and Cognitive ControlLecture 5: Episodic and PrimarycMemoryLecture 9: Nondeclarative Memory  

Brain Structure and its Origins

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-14Spring-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course covers major CNS structures with emphasis on systems being used as models for experimental studies of development and plasticity. Topics include basic patterns of connections in CNS, embryogenesis, PNS anatomy and development, process outgrowth and synaptogenesis, growth factors and cell survival, spinal and hindbrain anatomy, and development of regional specificity with an introduction to comparative anatomy and CNS evolution. A review of lab techniques (anatomy, tissue culture) is also covered as well as the trigeminal system, retinotectal system development, plasticity, regeneration, neocortex anatomy and development, the olfactory system, corpus striatum, brain transplants, the limbic system and hippocampal anatomy and plasticity.

Audio Lectures: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-14Spring-2005/AudioLectures/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Introduction: Brain Orientation, Primitive Cellular ActivitiesIntroduction: Methods; Primitive Cellular ActivitiesSteps to the CNS of ChordatesSteps to the CNS of Chordates (cont.)Specializations in CNS EvolutionSpecializations in CNS Evolution (cont.)
Spinal Cord Development and AnatomySpinal Cord Development and Anatomy (cont.)Differentiation of the Brain VesiclesDifferentiation of the Brain Vesicles (cont.)Differentiation of the Brain Vesicles (cont.)Differentiation of the Brain Vesicles (cont.)
Axon GrowthAxon Growth (cont.)Motor SystemsMotor Systems (cont.)Taste and Olfactory SystemsTaste and Olfactory Systems (cont.)
Visual SystemsVisual Systems (cont.)Visual Systems (cont.)Auditory SystemsAuditory Systems (cont.)Forebrain Introduction
Hypothalamus; Limbic SystemHypothalamus; Limbic System (cont.)Hypothalamus; Limbic System (cont.)Hypothalamus; Limbic System (cont.)Hypothalamus; Limbic System (cont.)Corpus Striatum
Corpus Striatum (cont.)NeocortexNeocortex (cont.)Neocortex (cont.)Neocortex (cont.)Plastic Systems: Cerebellum, Striatum, Cortex

Animal Behavior

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-20Fall-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: Most of the major categories of adaptive behavior can be seen in all animals. This course begins with the evolution of behavior, the driver of nervous system evolution, reviewed using concepts developed in ethology, sociobiology, other comparative studies, and in studies of brain evolution. The roles of various types of plasticity are considered, as well as foraging and feeding, defensive and aggressive behavior, courtship and reproduction, migration and navigation, social activities and communication, with contributions of inherited patterns and cognitive abilities. Both field and laboratory based studies are reviewed; and finally, human behavior is considered within the context of primate studies.

Audio Lectures: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-20Fall-2005/AudioLectures/index.htm)

Column1Column2Column3Column4Column5Column6
Animals in Human History + Amateur and Professional StudiesIntroduction to Ethology + Tinbergen's Four Questions + Field Studies of BirdsLorenz' JackdawsEthology of Geese + Fixed Action Patterns and the Central Nervous SystemInput and Output Sides of Innate Behavior + Motivation
Motivation (cont.)Lorenz on Fixed Action PatternsLorenz on Innate Releasing MechanismsModels, Hierarchies and Chains of Action PatternsSpatial Orientation + Multiple MotivationsEvolution of Behavior, Genes, Learning
Navigation, Migration, CommunicationCommunication (cont.)ForagingAnti-predator BehaviorAnti-predator Behavior (cont.)Mating and Reproduction, Introduction
Sociobiology IntroductionSociobiology Subject MatterGenes and BehaviorsSociobiology and ScienceDiscoveries of SociobiologyCultural Determinism and Sociobiology
Sociobiology and CulturePractical Issues in Study of AdaptationThe Triumph of Sociobiology   

Neural Coding and Perception of Sound

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Health-Sciences-and-Technology/HST-723Spring-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course focuses on neural structures and mechanisms mediating the detection, localization and recognition of sounds. Discussions cover how acoustic signals are coded by auditory neurons, the impact of these codes on behavioral performance, and the circuitry and cellular mechanisms underlying signal transformations. Topics include temporal coding, neural maps and feature detectors, learning and plasticity, and feedback control. General principles are conveyed by theme discussions of auditory masking, sound localization, musical pitch, speech coding, and cochlear implants.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Health-Sciences-and-Technology/HST-723Spring-2005/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Hearing and the Auditory System: An OverviewHow the Ear Works (Functional Cochlear Mechanics)Stimulus Coding in the Auditory NerveMasking and Frequency SelectivityMasking and NonlinearityMasking and Nonlinearity (cont.)
Cochlear ImplantsIntensity Perception and Cochlear Hearing LossChannels, Synapses and NeurotransmittersCellular Mechanisms in the Cochlear NucleusCellular Mechanisms in the Cochlear NucleusCellular Mechanisms in the Cochlear Nucleus
Binaural HearingBinaural Interactions in the Auditory BrainstemBinaural InteractionsBinaural InteractionsPitch of Pure and Complex TonesNeural Processing of Pitch
Pitch and Temporal CodingPitch and Temporal Coding (cont.)Auditory Cortex: Cortical organizationThe Human Auditory SystemNeural Maps and PlasticityNeural Maps and Plasticity
Auditory Scene Analysis (ASA) and Object FormationScene Analysis    

Introduction to Computational Neuroscience

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-29JSpring-2004/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course gives a mathematical introduction to neural coding and dynamics. Topics include convolution, correlation, linear systems, game theory, signal detection theory, probability theory, information theory, and reinforcement learning. Applications to neural coding, focusing on the visual system are covered, as well as Hodgkin-Huxley and other related models of neural excitability, stochastic models of ion channels, cable theory, and models of synaptic transmission.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-29JSpring-2004/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Examples of Neural Coding, Simple Linear RegressionConvolution and Correlation 1 + Firing RateSimple Statistics and Linear RegressionConvolution and Correlation 2 + Spike-triggered Average + Wiener-Hopf Equations and White Noise AnalysisOperant Matching 1 

Neural Plasticity in Learning and Development

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-301JNeural-Plasticity-in-Learning-and-DevelopmentSpring2002/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: Roles of neural plasticity in learning and memory and in development of invertebrates and mammals. An in-depth critical analysis of current literature of molecular, cellular, genetic, electrophysiological, and behavioral studies. Discussion of original papers supplemented by introductory lectures.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-301JNeural-Plasticity-in-Learning-and-DevelopmentSpring2002/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Lecture 1: IntroductionLecture 2: Behavior and PlasticityLecture 3: Synaptic TransmissionLecture 4: Potentiation of Synaptic TransmissionLecture 5: Expression of Plasticity 

Parkinson's Disease Workshop

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-458Summer-2006/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive, degenerative disease of the brain that produces movement disorders and deficits in executive functions, working memory, visuospatial functions, and internal control of attention. It is named after James Parkinson (1755-1824), the English neurologist who described the first case.

This six-week summer workshop explored different aspects of PD, including clinical characteristics, structural neuroimaging, neuropathology, genetics, and cognitive function (mental status, cognitive control processes, working memory, and long-term declarative memory). The workshop did not take up the topics of motor control, nondeclarative memory, or treatment.

Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-458Summer-2006/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Cognition in Parkinson's DiseaseNeuropathology and Structural Neuroimaging in Parkinson's DiseaseGenetics of Parkinson's DiseaseCognitive Control Processes and Working Memory in Parkinson's DiseaseA Systems Neuroscience Approach to MemoryLong-term Declarative Memory in Parkinson Disease

Scene Understanding Symposium

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-459Spring-2006/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: What are the circuits, mechanisms and representations that permit the recognition of a visual scene from just one glance? In this one-day seminar on Scene Understanding, speakers from a variety of disciplines - neurophysiology, cognitive neuroscience, visual cognition, computational neuroscience and computer vision - will address a range of topics related to scene recognition, including natural image categorization, contextual effects on object recognition, and the role of attention in scene understanding and visual art. The goal is to encourage exchanges between researchers of all fields of brain sciences in the burgeoning field of scene understanding.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-459Spring-2006/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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From Zero to Gist in 200 msec: The Time Course of Scene RecognitionFeedforward Theories of Visual Cortex Predict Human Performance in Rapid Image CategorizationLatency, Duration and Codes for Objects in Inferior Temporal CortexFrom Feedforward Vision to Natural Vision: The Impact of Free Viewing, Task, and Clutter on Monkey Inferior Temporal Object RepresentationsPerception of Objects in Natural Scenes and the Role of AttentionNatural Scene Categorization: From Humans to Computers
Using the Forest to See the Trees: A Computational Model Relating Features, Objects and ScenesScene Perception after Those First Few Hundred Milliseconds    

Statistical Learning Theory and Applications

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-520Statistical-Learning-Theory-and-ApplicationsSpring2003/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: Focuses on the problem of supervised learning from the perspective of modern statistical learning theory starting with the theory of multivariate function approximation from sparse data. Develops basic tools such as Regularization including Support Vector Machines for regression and classification. Derives generalization bounds using both stability and VC theory. Discusses topics such as boosting and feature selection. Examines applications in several areas: computer vision, computer graphics, text classification and bioinformatics.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-520Statistical-Learning-Theory-and-ApplicationsSpring2003/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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The Learning Problem in PerspectiveRegularization and Reproducing Kernel Hilbert SpacesRegression and Least-Squares ClassificationSupport Vector Machines for ClassificationGeneralization Bounds, Introduction to StabilityStability of Tikhonov Regularization
Consistency and Uniform Convergence Over Function ClassesNecessary and Sufficient Conditions for Uniform ConvergenceBagging and BoostingComputer Vision, Object DetectionApproximation TheoryRKHS, Mercer Thm, Unbounded Domains, Frames and Wavelets
BioinformaticsTextRegularization NetworksMorphable Models for VideoLeave-one-out ApproximationsBayesian Interpretations
Multiclass ClassificationMath Camp 1: Functional AnalysisMath Camp 2: Lagrange Multipliers/Convex OptimizationSVM Rules of Thumb  

Language Processing

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-591JFall-2004/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course is a seminar in real-time language comprehension. It considers models of sentence and discourse comprehension from the linguistic, psychology, and artificial intelligence literature, including symbolic and connectionist models. Topics include ambiguity resolution and linguistic complexity; the use of lexical, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic, contextual and prosodic information in language comprehension; the relationship between the computational resources available in working memory and the language processing mechanism; and the psychological reality of linguistic representations.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-591JFall-2004/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Course Overview + Modularity in Sentence ComprehensionResources and Sentence Complexity + The Complexity of Unambiguous Sentences + The Dependency Locality TheoryWorking Memory and Sentence ComprehensionResources and Ambiguity Resolution + The Serial / Parallel QuestionExperience / Frequency and Ambiguity ResolutionSymbolic Computational Approaches to Language Parsing + Parsing Strategies + Shift-reduce Parsing
Referential and Contextual Issues in Sentence ComprehensionEvent-related Potentials (ERPs) and Other Brain-imaging Methods Investigating Sentence Comprehension    

Psycholinguistics

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-59JSpring-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course covers central topics in language processing, including: the structure of language; sentence, discourse, and morphological processing; storage and access of words in the mental dictionary; speech processing; the relationship between the computational resources available in working memory and the language processing mechanism; and ambiguity resolution. The course also considers computational modeling, including connectionist models; the relationship between language and thought; and issues in language acquisition including critical period phenomena, the acquisition of speech, and the acquisition of words. Experimental methodologies such as self-paced reading, eye-tracking, cross-modal priming, and neural imaging methods are also examined.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-59JSpring-2005/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Syntax ISyntax IISyntax IIISentence Parsing + Sentence Comprehension ISentence Comprehension IISentence Comprehension III
Sentence Processing IVSemantic and Pragmatic ProcessingSentence and Discourse ComprehensionDiscourse ComprehensionNeural Imaging and Language ProcessingSpeech
Speech (cont.)Speech Perception and ProductionWords: Visual Word RecognitionLanguage Acquisition  

Language Acquisition I

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-601JLanguage-Acquisition-ISpring2002/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: Lectures, reading, and discussion of current theory and data concerning the psychology and biology of language acquisition. Emphasizes learning of syntax and morphology, together with some discussion of phonology, and especially research relating grammatical theory and learnability theory to empirical studies of children.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-601JLanguage-Acquisition-ISpring2002/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Development of the Morphosyntax of Verbal InflectionsThe OI Stage in English    

Natural Language and the Computer Representation of Knowledge

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Electrical-Engineering-and-Computer-Science/6-863JSpring2003/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: Natural Language and the Computer Representation of Knowledge is a laboratory-oriented course on the theory and practice of building computer systems for human language processing, with an emphasis on the linguistic, cognitive, and engineering foundations for understanding their design.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Electrical-Engineering-and-Computer-Science/6-863JSpring2003/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Introduction, Organization, Laboratories, Course Overview: Introduction to NLP, Main Issues, fsa'sLinguistics:Phonology and Morphology I, 2-level morphology, KimmoLinguistics:Phonology and Morphology IIHMM Tagging, Statistical Transformation RuleBased Tagging, Precision, Recall, AccuracyPart of Speech Tagging:The Brill TaggerIntroduction to Parsing, Linguistics:Syntax & Parsing
Shift-Reduce Parsers in Detail, Earley's Algorithm and Chart ParsingContext-Free Parsing and Beyond: Efficiency Issues, Feature-Based Parsing, NL System DesignShift-Reduce Parsers in Detail, Earley's Algorithm and Chart ParsingParsing with an Integrated Lexicon - The Question of Syntactic FeaturesSemantic Interpretation I: CompositionalitySemantic Interpretation II: Compositionality and Quantifiers
Semantics III: Lexical SemanticsSemantics IV: Lexical SemanticsSemantics V: Constraint-Based SystemsMachine Translation IMachine Translation IIIMachine Translation IV
Language Learning ILanguage Learning II    

Laboratory in Cognitive Science

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-63Fall-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: Laboratory in Cognitive Science teaches principles of experimental methods in human perception and cognition, including design and statistical analysis. The course combines lectures and hands-on experimental exercises and requires an independent experimental project. Some experience in programming is desirable.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-63Fall-2005/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Variables and Controls - Signal Detection TheorySingle Factor Design and Statistics (T-test)Factorial Design and External ValidityFactorial Design and Statistical Analysis (ANOVA)Experimental Paradigms in Cognitive ScienceCognitive Neuroscience Methods
Single Participant Experiments, Quasi-ExperimentsCorrelational Studies and Non Experimental ResearchWriting a PaperExperiments in Other SciencesEthics in Research 

Introduction to Neural Networks

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-641JSpring-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course explores the organization of synaptic connectivity as the basis of neural computation and learning. Perceptrons and dynamical theories of recurrent networks including amplifiers, attractors, and hybrid computation are covered. Additional topics include backpropagation and Hebbian learning, as well as models of perception, motor control, memory, and neural development.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-641JSpring-2005/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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From Spikes to RatesLateral Inhibition and Feature SelectivityHamiltonian DynamicsAntisymmetric NetworksExcitatory-Inhibitory NetworksVQ + PCA
Delta RuleConditioning + BackpropagationMore Backpropagation   

Computational Cognitive Science

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-66JFall-2004/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course is an introduction to computational theories of human cognition. Drawing on formal models from classic and contemporary artificial intelligence, students will explore fundamental issues in human knowledge representation, inductive learning and reasoning. What are the forms that our knowledge of the world takes? What are the inductive principles that allow us to acquire new knowledge from the interaction of prior knowledge with observed data? What kinds of data must be available to human learners, and what kinds of innate knowledge (if any) must they have?

Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-66JFall-2004/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Foundations of Inductive LearningKnowledge Representation: Spaces, Trees, FeaturesKnowledge Representation: Language and Logic 1Knowledge Representation: Language and Logic 2Knowledge Representation: Great Debates 1Knowledge Representation: Great Debates 2
Basic Bayesian InferenceGraphical Models and Bayes NetsSimple Bayesian Learning 1Simple Bayesian Learning 2Probabilistic Models for Concept Learning and Categorization 1Probabilistic Models for Concept Learning and Categorization 2
Unsupervised and Semi-supervised LearningNon-parametric Classification: Exemplar Models and Neural Networks 1Non-parametric Classification: Exemplar Models and Neural Networks 2Controlling Complexity and Occam's Razor 1Controlling Complexity and Occam's Razor 2Intuitive Biology and the Role of Theories
Learning Domain Structures 1Learning Domain Structures 2Causal LearningCausal Theories 1Causal Theories 2 

Special Topics: Genetics, Neurobiology, and Pathophysiology of Psychiatric Disorders

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-914Fall-2008/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: The key topics covered in this course are Bipolar Disorder, Psychosis, Schizophrenia, Genetics of Psychiatric Disorder, DISC1, Ca++ Signaling, Neurogenesis and Depression, Lithium and GSK3 Hypothesis, Behavioral Assays, CREB in Addiction and Depressive Behaviors, The GABA System-I, The GABA System-II, The Glutamate Hypothesis of Schizophrenia, The Dopamine Pathway and DARPP32.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-914Fall-2008/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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General introductionDISC1Literature discussion: neurogenesis and depressionLiterature discussion: the dopamine pathway and DARPP32  

Language and Mind

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-98Language-and-MindJanuary-IAP-2003/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course will address some fundamental questions regarding human language: (1) how language is represented in our minds; (2) how language is acquired by children; (3) how language is processed by adults; (4) the relationship between language and thought; (5) exploring how language is represented and processed using brain imaging methods; and (6) computational modeling of human language acquisition and processing.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-98Language-and-MindJanuary-IAP-2003/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Why Study Language?The Human Brain: Brain AreasThe Structure of LanguageRelationship Between Language and Thought Beyond Cross-linguistic Differences  

Neuropharmacology

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-98January-IAP-2009/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: The neuropharmacology course will discuss the drug-induced changes in functioning of the nervous system. The specific focus of this course will be to provide a description of the cellular and molecular actions of drugs on synaptic transmission. This course will also refer to specific diseases of the nervous system and their treatment in addition to giving an overview of the techniques used for the study of neuropharmacology.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Brain-and-Cognitive-Sciences/9-98January-IAP-2009/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Basics of neuroscienceThe neurotransmitter systemsNeuropsychiatric disorders: anxiety, mood disordersNeuropsychiatric disorders: schizophrenia  

Health Sciences and Technology

Musculoskeletal Pathophysiology

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Health-Sciences-and-Technology/HST-021January-IAP-2006/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course covers the growth, development and structure of normal bone and joints, the biomechanics of bone connective tissues, and their response to stress, calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Additional topics include regulation by parathyroid hormone and vitamin D, the pathogenesis of metabolic bone diseases and diseases of connective tissues, joints and muscle with consideration of possible mechanisms and underlying metabolic derangements.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Health-Sciences-and-Technology/HST-021January-IAP-2006/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Rheumatic Diseases (I) + Rheumatic Diseases (II)Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis + Rheumatic Diseases (III), Vasculitis     

Principle and Practice of Human Pathology

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Health-Sciences-and-Technology/HST-035Spring2003/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course provides a comprehensive overview of human pathology with emphasis on mechanisms of disease and diagnostic medicine. Topics include:

•Cellular Mechanisms of Disease

•Molecular Pathology

•Pathology of Major Organ Systems

•Review of Diagnostic Tools from Traditional Surgical Pathology to Diagnostic Spectroscopy

•Functional and Molecular Imaging

•Molecular Diagnostics

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Health-Sciences-and-Technology/HST-035Spring2003/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Introduction to Human Pathology and Diagnostic MedicineEpithelial Structure and FunctionThe Immune SystemCell Injury, Adaptation and DeathAcute and Chronic InflammationTissue Repair, Fibrosis and Healing
Infectious Diseases: "The Biological Conflict of Interest"Transplantation: "Friendly Organs in a Hostile Environment"Are We What We Eat? "The Link Between Diet and Disease Development"Ischemia and InfarctionGenetic DisordersThe Liver

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Human Reproductive Biology

(external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Health-Sciences-and-Technology/HST-071Fall-2005/CourseHome/index.htm)

Course Description: This course is designed to give the student a clear understanding of the pathophysiology of the menstrual cycle, fertilization, implantation, ovum growth development, differentiation and associated abnormalities. Disorders of fetal development including the principles of teratology and the mechanism of normal and abnormal parturition will be covered as well as the pathophysiology of the breast and disorders of lactation. Fetal asphyxia and its consequences will be reviewed with emphasis on the technology currently available for its detection. In addition the conclusion of the reproductive cycle, menopause, and the use of hormonal replacement will be covered.

Selected Lecture Notes: (external link: http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Health-Sciences-and-Technology/HST-071Fall-2005/LectureNotes/index.htm)

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Male System PhysiologyMale Fertility, Temperature and the TestesEndometriosisClinical Pathological Conference: Female Reproductive SystemAbnormalities of the Menstrual CycleUterine Pathology: Fibroids
Ovarian PathologyNon-hormonal Contraception I + Non-hormonal Contraception IIHormonal ContraceptionPhytoestrogensThe PlacentaPlacental Pathology
Clinical Pathological Conference: Menstrual CycleCervical Pathology and CancerClinical Pathological Conference: CervixSexual Differentiation I + Sexual Differentiation IIAssisted Reproductive TechnologyMaternal Physiology I + Maternal Physiology II
Hypertension in PregnancyParturitionPolycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCO)Ovarian FailureToxoplasmosisIsoimmunization
Ultrasound Prenatal DiagnosisEnergy and Radiation Impact on PregnancyPrenatal Genetic DiagnosisFetal SurveillancePregnancy Termination Technology

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