Agent | Oligospermia | Teratospermia | Asthenospermia | Abnormal hormone or sex function | Other |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alcohol | azoospermia | Testicular atrophy | |||
Boron | X | X | x | ||
Cadmium | ? Fertility | Carbon disulfide | X | X | x | x | Carbaryl (Sevin) | X | Chlordecone2 | X | X | x |
Dibromochloropropane2 | azoospermia | x | |||
2,4-Dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D) | X | X | x | ||
DDT Dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane2 | Found in the semen of infertile men | ||||
Estrogens | X | ||||
Ethylene dibromide2 | X | X | x | ||
Ethylene glycol ethers (e.g., 2-ethoxyethanol) | X | X | |||
Heat, excessive | X | x | |||
Lead | X | X | x | x | |
Manganese | |||||
Mercury, inorganic | x | ||||
Perchlorethylene | x | ||||
Radiation, ionizing | X | X | x | x | |
Radiation, microwave | X | x | |||
Toluene diamine and dinitrotoluene | X | ||||
Vinyl chloride | x | ||||
Process | |||||
Nuclear power plant clean-up (Chernobyl) | X | X | x | x | |
Oral contraceptive manufacturing | x | ||||
Plastic production (styrene and acetone) | X | ||||
Welding | X | x | |||
1Compiled from multiple sources, including NIOSH, CDC: National Occupational Research Agenda: Fertility and pregnancy abnormalities: www2.cdc.gov/nora/, and Frazier L: Reproductive problems, prim care 2000;27(4):1. 2Use banned in the United States. |
Postgraduate Diploma in Occupational Health (DOH) - Modules 3: Occupational Medicine & Toxicology (Basic) by Profs Mohamed Jeebhay and Rodney Ehrlich, Health Sciences UCT is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.5 South Africa License. Major contributors: Mohamed Jeebhay, Rodney Ehrlich, Jonny Myers, Leslie London, Sophie Kisting, Rajen Naidoo, Saloshni Naidoo. Source available from here. For any updates to the material, or more permissions beyond the scope of this license, please email healthoer@uct.ac.za or visit www.healthedu.uct.ac.za.
Last updated Jan 2007.
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